Gender gap book authorship of academic medical literature

Here, we focus on the published medical research literature, where it may be possible to provide an early evaluation of whether the gender gap in academic productivity is widening. Although women now make up 49 percent of incoming medical students 1, it is still unusual to find them in the highest positions of academic leadership. Sex differences in attainment of independent funding by career development awardees. Here, a gender gap in the authorship of scientific articles has been reported for different medical fields.

The medical literature now includes a substantial number of articles directly relating to covid19, mostly generated rapidly after the. Medicine, like other professions, has traditionally been dominated by men. The gender gap in authorship in nursing literature article pdf available in journal of the royal society of medicine 10411. Gender gap in medical literature authorship the gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective the new england journal of medicine july 20, 2006 this study by reshma jagsi and elizabeth a. Differences in gender values and ambitions have been suggested as reasons why fewer women than men reach the highest levels of medical positions. Literature and gender introduces students to gender by having them read, discuss, and write about gender related topics, which are often connected to issues of race, ethnicity, and class. Overall, gender differences exist in the number of women compared with men who are employed by academic medical centers and who have attained higher academic ranks within those institutions. While developing the general concept of this book, we were aware of a lack of a clear understanding of the concepts of sex and gender by many practicing medical professionals. Although nearly onehalf of all medical graduates in the united states and the united kingdom are women, academic medicine remains male dominated, with women accounting for. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective.

The gender gap in academic journal authorship by kento ikeda. A new study has confirmed what many already suspected. In our study, we were able to identify significant and disturbing gender differences in terms of publication productivity. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literaturea 35year perspective. The gender gap in authorship in nursing literature ncbi.

This gender gap is reflected in the medical literature, with women being underrepresented in key authorship positions. Pdf the gender gap in authorship in nursing literature. Women physicians are underrepresented in recognition. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature.

Jhumpa lahira was short listed for a book about two brothers. In addition, we examined the patterns of change in this gap during the period extending from 2001 to 2008 and variations according to the total number of authors, the type of article original vs. Gender bias has been found in medical literature, with more men than women as first or senior authors of papers, despite about. Gender disparities for academic hospitalists journal of. The findings in this study are consistent with other studies looking at gender based authorship in the medical literature. Data on the gender of academic physician authors based in the united states for all major articles published in three general radiology journalsradiology, ajr, and academic radiologywere collected and analyzed for the years 1978, 1988, 1998, 2008, and 20. Gender bias has been found in medical literature, with more men than women as first or senior authors of papers, despite about half. For me, she says, this really showed the beauty of science, that you can have this personal experience that isnt reflected in big data.

Gender gap for first authors of perspectives in peds journals. Further research should explore potential reasons for this gender gap. If you doubted there was gender bias in literature, this. Women have been attending medical school in numbers equal to or greater than those of men since 1996 in the united kingdom,1 and in nearly equal numbers in the united states since 2003. In his article content analysis and gender stereotypes in childrens books from 2009, frank taylor cites a number of studies, which prove that there is a huge gap between female and male representation in childrens books.

Authorship order patterns vary among fields as well figure 4. Sex differences in authorship of academic cardiology. Request pdf the gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective participation of women in the medical profession has increased during the past four. Medicine women in stemm libguides at university of. This literature is arranged under five primary themes. Manuscripts were selected utilizing a random number generator, and an equal number was examined per. The predominant responsibility for child care is still borne by women and the issue of balancing career and family seems to be of paramount importance for women physicians in europe 22,23. Gender gap in medical journal first authorship scrubbing in. Female authorship in the academic cardiology literature. A gender bias in the rate of invitations would directly contribute to the author gender gap and to differences in gender ratio between journals. The gender gap in academic medicine is welldescribed 38, 39. Thanks to literature, many masculine and feminine characteristics that are not at all natural become acquired.

Sex differences in academic rank and publication rate at. Picture taken in strand book store, new york city, sept. Pubmed was searched for publications in medicine and surgery specialties etable 1a and b. The article on gender and authorship will be her fourth. The gender gap in authorship in nursing literature. Nursing is about 90% female, so we aimed to determine if similar biases exist in nursing literature. Throughout the natural world, males are those creatures that make sperm. The oftnoticed gender gap derives, in turn, from this gamete gap. The gender gap is expected to close even further, as threequarters of. The gender gap in first authorship of research papers. Kaplan sh, sullivan lm, dukes ka, phillips cf, kelch rp, schaller jg.

The number of women in academic medicine has increased. Gender gap in medical literature authorship the gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective the new england journal of medicine july 20, 2006. Objectives gender bias has been found in medical literature, with more men than women as. Gender trends in authorship of spinerelated academic. We hypothesize that although women are still less likely to take leadership roles as first or last author, the gender gap has decreased over time. Women may make up the majority of those working in publishing, both in trade and in scholarly publishing, but there is a notable gender gap in the authorship of academic. Gender gap in medical journal first authorship, new research reveals date. Special article from the new england journal of medicine the gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective. This gender gap is reflected in the medical literature, with women being. Jagsi r1, guancial ea, worobey cc, henault le, chang y, starr r, tarbell nj, hylek em. Some have looked at the medical literature in general.

A variety of explanations have been proposed for the sex gap in academic faculty rank and publications, including asymmetric home or childcare responsibilities, cultural stereotypes, professional isolation, and different career motivations. Gender gap in medical journal first authorship, new. In gender gap, barash and lipton husband and wife, professor and physician, biologist and psychiatrist explain the evolutionary aspects of malefemale differences. However, a new gender gap has emerged in the last author positiona position of prestige in the biosciences which represent more than half of the authorships in the jstor network dataset. Morton and sonnad 18 demonstrated that a gender gap. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35year perspective the new england journal of medicine july 20, 2006 this study by reshma jagsi and elizabeth a. Longitudinal analysis of gender differences in academic productivity among medical faculty across 24 medical schools in the united states. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literaturea 35. There was a marked increase in senior female authorship over a decade 22% vs.

The progress of women attaining first and senior authorship. Academic productivity has been found to be lower for female faculty, particularly early in their careers, and a gender gap has been demonstrated in authorship in the medical literature 40, 41. The gender gap in academic journal authorship ooligan press. In 2006 a strong gender bias against women was identified in the usa by the lower proportion of women as first and senior authors of original research in the medical literature, although this proportion increased over the four decades of the study. Okike k, liu b, lin yb, et al the orthopedic gender gap. By applying simulations to 3,067 invited papers detected in our dataset, we estimate that men are roughly 1. Saying that there is a gender bias in literature or, more specifically, in publishing will get you in trouble, particularly if. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify significant trends over time. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a. Closing the gender gap in medical journal publishing.

Female authorship in major academic gastroenterology journals. Physician specialty data book, association of american medical colleges, 2016. However, it is not known whether this same trend exists in the. There is the same gender difference in authorship of research papers in medicine, although womens contributions have increased over the last decade. Gender bias has been found in medical literature, with more men than women as first or senior authors of papers, despite about half of doctors being women. Gender bias has been found in medical literature, with more men than women as first or. Theres a gender gap in prizewinning literature not between the authors, but the characters.

Study finds persistent gender gap in medical paper publication. Sex differences in authorship of academic cardiology literature. The gender gap in authorship of academic medical literature a 35. The hard numbers behind scholarly publishings gender gap. The book features contemporary as well as classic literature with a global perspective. Thus, the goals of this study were to determine how gender trends in authorship of spinerelated academic literature have changed over the past 39 years.